Chile
South AmericaCI December 23, 2025
Background
Indigenous groups inhabited central and southern Chile for several thousand years, living in mixed pastoralist and settled communities. The Inca then ruled the north of the country for nearly a century prior to the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century. In 1541, the Spanish established the Captaincy General of Chile, which lasted until Chile declared its independence in 1810. The subsequent struggle with the Spanish became tied to other South American independence conflicts, with a decisive victory not being achieved until 1818. In the War of the Pacific (1879-83), Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia to win its current northernmost regions. By the 1880s, the Chilean central government cemented its control over the central and southern regions inhabited by Mapuche Indigenous peoples. Between 1891 and 1973, a series of elected governments succeeded each other until the Marxist government of Salvador ALLENDE was overthrown in 1973 in a military coup led by General Augusto PINOCHET, who ruled until a democratically elected president was inaugurated in 1990. Economic reforms that were maintained consistently since the 1980s contributed to steady growth, reduced poverty rates by over half, and helped secure the country's commitment to democratic and representative government. Chile has increasingly assumed regional and international leadership roles befitting its status as a stable, democratic nation.
Geographic coordinates
30 00 S, 71 00 W
Natural hazards
severe earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis
Volcanism: Significant volcanic activity due to more than three-dozen active volcanoes along the Andes Mountains; Lascar (5,592 m), which last erupted in 2007, is the most active volcano in the northern Chilean Andes; Llaima (3,125 m) in central Chile, which last erupted in 2009, is another of the country's most active; Chaiten's 2008 eruption forced major evacuations; other notable historically active volcanoes include Cerro Hudson, Calbuco, Copahue, Guallatiri, Llullaillaco, Nevados de Chillan, Puyehue, San Pedro, and Villarrica; see note 2 under "Geography - note"
Volcanism: Significant volcanic activity due to more than three-dozen active volcanoes along the Andes Mountains; Lascar (5,592 m), which last erupted in 2007, is the most active volcano in the northern Chilean Andes; Llaima (3,125 m) in central Chile, which last erupted in 2009, is another of the country's most active; Chaiten's 2008 eruption forced major evacuations; other notable historically active volcanoes include Cerro Hudson, Calbuco, Copahue, Guallatiri, Llullaillaco, Nevados de Chillan, Puyehue, San Pedro, and Villarrica; see note 2 under "Geography - note"
Area - comparative
slightly smaller than twice the size of Montana
Environmental issues
air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from raw sewage; noise pollution; improper garbage disposal; soil degradation; widespread deforestation; pollution and ecosystem degradation from mining; wildlife conservation
International environmental agreements
Party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
Signed, but not ratified: None of the selected agreements
Signed, but not ratified: None of the selected agreements
Climate
temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region; cool and damp in south
Coastline
6,435 km
Land boundaries
Total: 7,801 km
Border countries (3): Argentina 6,691 km; Bolivia 942 km; Peru 168 km
Border countries (3): Argentina 6,691 km; Bolivia 942 km; Peru 168 km
Land use
Agricultural land: 14.4% (2023 est.)
Arable land: 1.9% (2023 est.)
Permanent crops: 0.7% (2023 est.)
Permanent pasture: 11.8% (2023 est.)
Forest: 24.5% (2023 est.)
Other: 61.1% (2023 est.)
Arable land: 1.9% (2023 est.)
Permanent crops: 0.7% (2023 est.)
Permanent pasture: 11.8% (2023 est.)
Forest: 24.5% (2023 est.)
Other: 61.1% (2023 est.)
Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Continental shelf: 200/350 nm
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Continental shelf: 200/350 nm
Natural resources
copper, timber, iron ore, nitrates, precious metals, molybdenum, hydropower
Geography - note
Note 1: Chile is the longest country north-to-south in the world, extending across 39 degrees of latitude
Note 2: Chile is one of the countries along the Ring of Fire, which is a belt bordering the Pacific Ocean that contains about 75% of the world's volcanoes and up to 90% of the world's earthquakes
Note 3: The Atacama Desert in the north of Chile is the driest desert in the world; Ojos del Salado (6,893 m) in the Atacama Desert is the highest active volcano in the world, Chile's tallest mountain, and the second-highest in the Western Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere; the volcano's small crater lake is the world's highest lake at 6,390 m
Note 2: Chile is one of the countries along the Ring of Fire, which is a belt bordering the Pacific Ocean that contains about 75% of the world's volcanoes and up to 90% of the world's earthquakes
Note 3: The Atacama Desert in the north of Chile is the driest desert in the world; Ojos del Salado (6,893 m) in the Atacama Desert is the highest active volcano in the world, Chile's tallest mountain, and the second-highest in the Western Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere; the volcano's small crater lake is the world's highest lake at 6,390 m
Terrain
low coastal mountains, fertile central valley, rugged Andes in east
Location
Southern South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Argentina and Peru
Map references
South America
Irrigated land
9,094 sq km (2022)
Total renewable water resources
923.06 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Population distribution
90% of the population is located in the middle third of the country around the capital of Santiago; the far north, including the Atacama Desert, and the extreme south are relatively underpopulated
Elevation
Highest point: Nevado Ojos del Salado 6,893 m (highest volcano in the world)
Lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
Mean elevation: 1,871 m
Lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
Mean elevation: 1,871 m
Major lakes (area sq km)
Fresh water lake(s): Lago General Carrera (shared with Argentina) - 2,240 sq km; Lago O'Higgins (shared with Argentina) - 1,010 sq km; Lago Llanquihue - 800 sq km; Lago Fagnano (shared with Argentina) - 590 sq km
Area
Total : 756,102 sq km
Land: 743,812 sq km
Water: 12,290 sq km
Note: Includes Easter Island (Isla de Pascua) and Isla Sala y Gomez
Land: 743,812 sq km
Water: 12,290 sq km
Note: Includes Easter Island (Isla de Pascua) and Isla Sala y Gomez
Age structure
0-14 years: 19.2% (male 1,822,908/female 1,751,528)
15-64 years: 67.3% (male 6,274,620/female 6,278,467)
65 years and over: 13.6% (2024 est.) (male 1,072,208/female 1,464,921)
15-64 years: 67.3% (male 6,274,620/female 6,278,467)
65 years and over: 13.6% (2024 est.) (male 1,072,208/female 1,464,921)
Sex ratio
At birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Literacy
Total population: 96.4% (2017 est.)
Male: 96.5% (2017 est.)
Female: 96.3% (2017 est.)
Male: 96.5% (2017 est.)
Female: 96.3% (2017 est.)
Nationality
Noun: Chilean(s)
Adjective: Chilean
Adjective: Chilean
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Total: 17 years (2023 est.)
Male: 17 years (2023 est.)
Female: 17 years (2023 est.)
Male: 17 years (2023 est.)
Female: 17 years (2023 est.)
Urbanization
Urban population: 88% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization: 0.78% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Rate of urbanization: 0.78% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Drinking water source
Improved:
Urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved:
Urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved:
Urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Major urban areas - population
6.903 million SANTIAGO (capital), 1.009 million Valparaiso, 912,000 Concepcion (2023)
Physician density
3.33 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
Hospital bed density
2 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 44.9 (2024 est.)
Youth dependency ratio: 24.8 (2024 est.)
Elderly dependency ratio: 20 (2024 est.)
Potential support ratio: 5 (2024 est.)
Youth dependency ratio: 24.8 (2024 est.)
Elderly dependency ratio: 20 (2024 est.)
Potential support ratio: 5 (2024 est.)
Sanitation facility access
Improved:
Urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved:
Urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved:
Urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Ethnic groups
White and non-Indigenous 88.9%, Mapuche 9.1%, Aymara 0.7%, other Indigenous groups 1% (includes Rapa Nui, Likan Antai, Quechua, Colla, Diaguita, Kawesqar, Yagan or Yamana), unspecified 0.3% (2012 est.)
Religions
Catholic 57%, none 25.7%, Evangelical or Protestant 16.2%, other Christians and traditions related to Christ 1.3%; less than 1%: Buddhist, Catholic Orthodox, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Islam, Judaism, other religions, no religion (2024)
Languages
Spanish 99.5% (official), English 10.2%, Indigenous 1% (includes Mapudungun, Aymara, Quechua, Rapa Nui), other 2.3%, unspecified 0.2% (2012 est.)
Major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Note: shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census
Major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Note: shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census
Health expenditure
9% of GDP (2022)
19% of national budget (2022 est.)
19% of national budget (2022 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.85 (2024 est.)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
48.5% (2022 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
Total: 22.3% (2024 est.)
Male: 20.3% (2024 est.)
Female: 24.9% (2024 est.)
note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Male: 20.3% (2024 est.)
Female: 24.9% (2024 est.)
note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Net migration rate
0.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Median age
Total: 36.9 years (2024 est.)
Male: 35.8 years
Female: 38.2 years
Male: 35.8 years
Female: 38.2 years
Maternal mortality ratio
10 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.75 children born/woman (2024 est.)
Population
Total: 18,664,652 (2024 est.)
Male: 9,169,736
Female: 9,494,916
Male: 9,169,736
Female: 9,494,916
Infant mortality rate
Total: 6.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
Male: 6.9 deaths/1,000 live births
Female: 5.7 deaths/1,000 live births
Male: 6.9 deaths/1,000 live births
Female: 5.7 deaths/1,000 live births
Tobacco use
Total: 26.2% (2025 est.)
Male: 28.4% (2025 est.)
Female: 24.1% (2025 est.)
Male: 28.4% (2025 est.)
Female: 24.1% (2025 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
28% (2016)
Death rate
6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Birth rate
12.4 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
Total: 7.8 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Beer: 2.76 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine: 2.61 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits: 2.43 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Beer: 2.76 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine: 2.61 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits: 2.43 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 80.3 years (2024 est.)
Male: 77.3 years
Female: 83.3 years
Male: 77.3 years
Female: 83.3 years
Education expenditure
4.9% of GDP (2022 est.)
18.4% national budget (2022 est.)
18.4% national budget (2022 est.)
Population growth rate
0.61% (2024 est.)
Total water withdrawal
Municipal: 1.29 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Industrial: 1.66 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Agricultural: 29.42 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Industrial: 1.66 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Agricultural: 29.42 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Waste and recycling
Municipal solid waste generated annually: 6.517 million tons (2024 est.)
Percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 1% (2022 est.)
Percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 1% (2022 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
18.8 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
83.058 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From coal and metallurgical coke: 14.773 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From petroleum and other liquids: 55.504 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From consumed natural gas: 12.781 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From coal and metallurgical coke: 14.773 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From petroleum and other liquids: 55.504 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From consumed natural gas: 12.781 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Energy consumption per capita
71.42 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US
Chief of mission: Ambassador-designate Brandon JUDD (since November 2025)
Embassy: Avenida Andres Bello 2800, Las Condes, Santiago
Mailing address: 3460 Santiago Place, Washington DC 20521-3460
Telephone: [56] (2) 2330-3000
FAX: [56] (2) 2330-3710
Email address and website:
SantiagoUSA@state.gov
https://cl.usembassy.gov/
Embassy: Avenida Andres Bello 2800, Las Condes, Santiago
Mailing address: 3460 Santiago Place, Washington DC 20521-3460
Telephone: [56] (2) 2330-3000
FAX: [56] (2) 2330-3710
Email address and website:
SantiagoUSA@state.gov
https://cl.usembassy.gov/
Administrative divisions
16 regions (regiones, singular - region); Aysen, Antofagasta, Araucania, Arica y Parinacota, Atacama, Biobio, Coquimbo, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins, Los Lagos, Los Rios, Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena (Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica), Maule, Nuble, Region Metropolitana (Santiago), Tarapaca, Valparaiso
Note: The US does not recognize any claims to Antarctica
Note: The US does not recognize any claims to Antarctica
Capital
Name: Santiago; note - Valparaiso is the seat of the national legislature
Geographic coordinates: 33 27 S, 70 40 W
Time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in August; ends second Sunday in May; note - Punta Arenas observes DST throughout the year
Time zone note: Chile has three time zones: the continental portion at UTC-3; the southern Magallanes region, which does not use daylight savings time and remains at UTC-3 for the summer months; and Easter Island at UTC-5
Etymology: Santiago is named after Saint James, the patron saint of Spain (Santo Iago in Spanish); Valparaiso derives from the Spanish words valle (valley) and paraíso (paradise)
Geographic coordinates: 33 27 S, 70 40 W
Time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in August; ends second Sunday in May; note - Punta Arenas observes DST throughout the year
Time zone note: Chile has three time zones: the continental portion at UTC-3; the southern Magallanes region, which does not use daylight savings time and remains at UTC-3 for the summer months; and Easter Island at UTC-5
Etymology: Santiago is named after Saint James, the patron saint of Spain (Santo Iago in Spanish); Valparaiso derives from the Spanish words valle (valley) and paraíso (paradise)
Constitution
History: Many previous; latest adopted 11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981; in September 2022 and again in December 2023, referendums presented for a new constitution were both defeated, and the September 1980 constitution remains in force
Amendment process: Proposed by members of either house of the National Congress or by the president of the republic; passage requires at least four-sevenths majority vote of the membership in both houses and approval by the president; passage of amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, basic rights and freedoms, the Constitutional Tribunal, electoral justice, the Council of National Security, or the constitutional amendment process, requires at least four-sevenths majority vote by both houses of Congress and approval by the president; the president can opt to hold a referendum when Congress and the president disagree on an amendment
Amendment process: Proposed by members of either house of the National Congress or by the president of the republic; passage requires at least four-sevenths majority vote of the membership in both houses and approval by the president; passage of amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, basic rights and freedoms, the Constitutional Tribunal, electoral justice, the Council of National Security, or the constitutional amendment process, requires at least four-sevenths majority vote by both houses of Congress and approval by the president; the president can opt to hold a referendum when Congress and the president disagree on an amendment
Flag
Description: Two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; a blue square sits in the top left corner of the flag, the same height as the white band; the square has a five-pointed white star in the center
Meaning: The star represents a guide to progress and honor; blue stands for the sky, white for the Andes Mountains, and red for the blood spilled to achieve independence
Note: Design influenced by the US flag
Meaning: The star represents a guide to progress and honor; blue stands for the sky, white for the Andes Mountains, and red for the blood spilled to achieve independence
Note: Design influenced by the US flag
Independence
18 September 1810 (from Spain)
Judicial branch
Highest court(s): Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (consists of a court president and 20 members); Constitutional Court (consists of 10 members and is independent of the rest of the judiciary); Elections Qualifying Court (consists of 5 members)
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president and judges (ministers) appointed by the president of the republic and ratified by the Senate from lists of candidates provided by the court itself; judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 70; Constitutional Court members appointed - 3 by the Supreme Court, 3 by the president of the republic, 2 by the Chamber of Deputies, and 2 by the Senate; members serve 9-year terms with partial membership replacement every 3 years (the court reviews constitutionality of legislation); Elections Qualifying Court members appointed by lottery - 1 by the former president or vice president of the Senate and 1 by the former president or vice president of the Chamber of Deputies, 2 by the Supreme Court, and 1 by the Appellate Court of Valparaiso; members appointed for 4-year terms
Subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; oral criminal tribunals; military tribunals; local police courts; specialized tribunals and courts in matters such as family, labor, customs, taxes, and electoral affairs
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president and judges (ministers) appointed by the president of the republic and ratified by the Senate from lists of candidates provided by the court itself; judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 70; Constitutional Court members appointed - 3 by the Supreme Court, 3 by the president of the republic, 2 by the Chamber of Deputies, and 2 by the Senate; members serve 9-year terms with partial membership replacement every 3 years (the court reviews constitutionality of legislation); Elections Qualifying Court members appointed by lottery - 1 by the former president or vice president of the Senate and 1 by the former president or vice president of the Chamber of Deputies, 2 by the Supreme Court, and 1 by the Appellate Court of Valparaiso; members appointed for 4-year terms
Subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; oral criminal tribunals; military tribunals; local police courts; specialized tribunals and courts in matters such as family, labor, customs, taxes, and electoral affairs
Legal system
civil law system influenced by several Western European civil legal systems; Constitutional Tribunal reviews legislative acts
Legislative branch
Legislature name: National Congress (Congreso Nacional)
Legislative structure: Bicameral
Legislative structure: Bicameral
International organization participation
APEC, BIS, CAN (associate), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-15, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OECD (enhanced engagement), OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance, PCA, PROSUR, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMOGIP, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
National holiday
Independence Day, 18 September (1810)
Political parties
Approve Dignity (Apruebo Dignidad) coalition or AD (included PC, FA, and FREVS); note - dissolved 2023
Broad Front Coalition (Frente Amplio) or FA (includes RD, CS, and Comunes)
Chile We Can Do More (Chile Podemos Más) or ChP+ (coalition includes EVOPOLI, PRI, RN, UDI)
Christian Democratic Party or PDC
Common Sense Party or SC
Commons (Comunes)
Communist Party of Chile or PCCh
Democratic Revolution or RD
Democrats or PD
Equality Party or PI
Green Ecological Party or PEV (dissolved 7 February 2022)
Green Popular Alliance or AVP
Humanist Action Party or PAH
Humanist Party or PH
Independent Democratic Union or UDI
Liberal Party (Partido Liberal de Chile) or PL
National Libertarian Party or PNL
National Renewal or RN
New Social Pact or NPS (includes PDC, PL, PPD, PRSD, PS)
Party for Democracy or PPD
Party of the People or PDG
Political Evolution or EVOPOLI
Popular Party or PP
Progressive Homeland Party or PRO
Radical Party or PR
Republican Party or PLR
Social Christian Party or PSC
Social Convergence or CS
Social Green Regionalist Federation or FREVS
Socialist Party or PS
Yellow Movement for Chile or AMAR
Broad Front Coalition (Frente Amplio) or FA (includes RD, CS, and Comunes)
Chile We Can Do More (Chile Podemos Más) or ChP+ (coalition includes EVOPOLI, PRI, RN, UDI)
Christian Democratic Party or PDC
Common Sense Party or SC
Commons (Comunes)
Communist Party of Chile or PCCh
Democratic Revolution or RD
Democrats or PD
Equality Party or PI
Green Ecological Party or PEV (dissolved 7 February 2022)
Green Popular Alliance or AVP
Humanist Action Party or PAH
Humanist Party or PH
Independent Democratic Union or UDI
Liberal Party (Partido Liberal de Chile) or PL
National Libertarian Party or PNL
National Renewal or RN
New Social Pact or NPS (includes PDC, PL, PPD, PRSD, PS)
Party for Democracy or PPD
Party of the People or PDG
Political Evolution or EVOPOLI
Popular Party or PP
Progressive Homeland Party or PRO
Radical Party or PR
Republican Party or PLR
Social Christian Party or PSC
Social Convergence or CS
Social Green Regionalist Federation or FREVS
Socialist Party or PS
Yellow Movement for Chile or AMAR
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Government type
presidential republic
Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Chile
Conventional short form: Chile
Local long form: República de Chile
Local short form: Chile
Etymology: Derivation of the name is unclear; it may come from a local word meaning either "land's end" or "cold," or a local word that was confused with the Mexican Spanish word chili, meaning a chili pepper, in reference to the area's shape
Conventional short form: Chile
Local long form: República de Chile
Local short form: Chile
Etymology: Derivation of the name is unclear; it may come from a local word meaning either "land's end" or "cold," or a local word that was confused with the Mexican Spanish word chili, meaning a chili pepper, in reference to the area's shape
Diplomatic representation in the US
Chief of mission: Ambassador Juan Gabriel VALDES Soublette (since 7 June 2022)
Chancery: 1732 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036
Telephone: [1] (202) 785-1746
FAX: [1] (202) 887-5579
Email address and website:
Echile.eeuu@minrel.gob.cl
https://chile.gob.cl/estados-unidos/en/
Consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco
Chancery: 1732 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036
Telephone: [1] (202) 785-1746
FAX: [1] (202) 887-5579
Email address and website:
Echile.eeuu@minrel.gob.cl
https://chile.gob.cl/estados-unidos/en/
Consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco
National anthem(s)
Title: "Himno Nacional de Chile" (National Anthem of Chile)
Lyrics/music: Eusebio LILLO Robles and Bernardo DE VERA y Pintado/Ramon CARNICER y Battle
History: Music adopted 1828, original lyrics adopted 1818, adapted lyrics adopted 1847; under Augusto PINOCHET's military rule, a verse glorifying the army was added; some citizens refused to sing this verse as a protest, and it was removed when democracy was restored in 1990
Lyrics/music: Eusebio LILLO Robles and Bernardo DE VERA y Pintado/Ramon CARNICER y Battle
History: Music adopted 1828, original lyrics adopted 1818, adapted lyrics adopted 1847; under Augusto PINOCHET's military rule, a verse glorifying the army was added; some citizens refused to sing this verse as a protest, and it was removed when democracy was restored in 1990
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
National symbol(s)
huemul (mountain deer), Andean condor
Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: Yes
Citizenship by descent only: Yes
Dual citizenship recognized: Yes
Residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Citizenship by descent only: Yes
Dual citizenship recognized: Yes
Residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
National heritage
Total World Heritage Sites: 7 (all cultural)
Selected World Heritage Site locales: Rapa Nui National Park; Churches of Chiloe; Historic Valparaiso; Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works; Sewell Mining Town; Qhapaq Ñan/Andean Road System; Chinchorro archeological sites
Selected World Heritage Site locales: Rapa Nui National Park; Churches of Chiloe; Historic Valparaiso; Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works; Sewell Mining Town; Qhapaq Ñan/Andean Road System; Chinchorro archeological sites
National color(s)
red, white, blue
Executive branch
Chief of state: President Gabriel BORIC (since 11 March 2022)
Head of government: President Gabriel BORIC (since 11 March 2022)
Cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
Election/appointment process: President directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single 4-year term
Most recent election date: 16 November 2025, with a runoff held on 14 December 2025
Election results: 2025: José Antonio KAST elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jeannette Alejandra JARA Román (PCCh) 26.8%, José Antonio KAST (PLR) 23.9%, Franco Aldo PARISI Fernández (PDG) 19.7%, Johannes KAISER (PNL) 13.9%, Evelyn Rose MATTHEI Fornet (PL) 12.5%; other 3.2%; percent of vote in second round - José Antonio KAST 58.2%, Jeannette Alejandra JARA Román 41.8%; note - KAST will take office 11 March 2026
2021: Gabriel BORIC elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - José Antonio KAST (FSC) 27.9%; Gabriel BORIC (AD) 25.8%; Franco PARISI (PDG) 12.8%; Sebastian SICHEL (ChP+) 12.8%; Yasna PROVOSTE (New Social Pact) 11.6%; other 9.1%; percent of vote in second round - Gabriel BORIC 55.9%; Jose Antonio KAST 44.1%
2017: Sebastian PINERA Echenique elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique (independent) 36.6%; Alejandro GUILLIER (independent) 22.7%; Beatriz SANCHEZ (independent) 20.3%; Jose Antonio KAST (independent) 7.9%; Carolina GOIC (PDC) 5.9%; Marco ENRIQUEZ-OMINAMI (PRO) 5.7%; other 0.9%; percent of vote in second round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique 54.6%, Alejandro GUILLIER 45.4%
Expected date of next election: 18 November 2029 (a runoff, if needed, will take place in December 2029)
Note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
Head of government: President Gabriel BORIC (since 11 March 2022)
Cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
Election/appointment process: President directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single 4-year term
Most recent election date: 16 November 2025, with a runoff held on 14 December 2025
Election results: 2025: José Antonio KAST elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jeannette Alejandra JARA Román (PCCh) 26.8%, José Antonio KAST (PLR) 23.9%, Franco Aldo PARISI Fernández (PDG) 19.7%, Johannes KAISER (PNL) 13.9%, Evelyn Rose MATTHEI Fornet (PL) 12.5%; other 3.2%; percent of vote in second round - José Antonio KAST 58.2%, Jeannette Alejandra JARA Román 41.8%; note - KAST will take office 11 March 2026
2021: Gabriel BORIC elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - José Antonio KAST (FSC) 27.9%; Gabriel BORIC (AD) 25.8%; Franco PARISI (PDG) 12.8%; Sebastian SICHEL (ChP+) 12.8%; Yasna PROVOSTE (New Social Pact) 11.6%; other 9.1%; percent of vote in second round - Gabriel BORIC 55.9%; Jose Antonio KAST 44.1%
2017: Sebastian PINERA Echenique elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique (independent) 36.6%; Alejandro GUILLIER (independent) 22.7%; Beatriz SANCHEZ (independent) 20.3%; Jose Antonio KAST (independent) 7.9%; Carolina GOIC (PDC) 5.9%; Marco ENRIQUEZ-OMINAMI (PRO) 5.7%; other 0.9%; percent of vote in second round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique 54.6%, Alejandro GUILLIER 45.4%
Expected date of next election: 18 November 2029 (a runoff, if needed, will take place in December 2029)
Note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
Population below poverty line
6.5% (2022 est.)
note: % of population with income below national poverty line
note: % of population with income below national poverty line
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10%: 2.3% (2022 est.)
Highest 10%: 34.5% (2022 est.)
note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Highest 10%: 34.5% (2022 est.)
note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Exports - commodities
copper ore, refined copper, fish, carbonates, pitted fruits (2023)
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Exports - partners
China 39%, USA 16%, Japan 7%, S. Korea 6%, Brazil 4% (2023)
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Agricultural products
grapes, milk, apples, wheat, tomatoes, potatoes, chicken, maize, sugar beets, pork (2023)
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Budget
Revenues: $77.003 billion (2023 est.)
Expenditures: $85.024 billion (2023 est.)
note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Expenditures: $85.024 billion (2023 est.)
note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, crude petroleum, cars, garments, trucks (2023)
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Exchange rates
Chilean pesos (CLP) per US dollar -
Exchange rates:
943.572 (2024 est.)
840.067 (2023 est.)
873.314 (2022 est.)
758.955 (2021 est.)
792.727 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates:
943.572 (2024 est.)
840.067 (2023 est.)
873.314 (2022 est.)
758.955 (2021 est.)
792.727 (2020 est.)
Industries
copper, lithium, other minerals, foodstuffs, fish processing, iron and steel, wood and wood products, transport equipment, cement, textiles
Economic overview
export-driven economy; leading copper producer; though hit by COVID-19, fairly quick rebound from increased liquidity and rapid vaccine rollouts; decreasing poverty but still lingering inequality; public debt rising but still manageable; recent political violence has had negative economic consequences
GDP (official exchange rate)
$330.267 billion (2024 est.)
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
GDP - composition, by end use
Household consumption: 58.1% (2024 est.)
Government consumption: 15.1% (2024 est.)
Investment in fixed capital: 23.5% (2024 est.)
Investment in inventories: -0.3% (2024 est.)
Exports of goods and services: 33.7% (2024 est.)
Imports of goods and services: -30.1% (2024 est.)
note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Government consumption: 15.1% (2024 est.)
Investment in fixed capital: 23.5% (2024 est.)
Investment in inventories: -0.3% (2024 est.)
Exports of goods and services: 33.7% (2024 est.)
Imports of goods and services: -30.1% (2024 est.)
note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Imports - partners
China 23%, USA 20%, Brazil 10%, Argentina 7%, Germany 5% (2023)
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Average household expenditures
On food: 19.4% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
On alcohol and tobacco: 3.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
On alcohol and tobacco: 3.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Remittances
0% of GDP (2024 est.)
0% of GDP (2023 est.)
0% of GDP (2022 est.)
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
0% of GDP (2023 est.)
0% of GDP (2022 est.)
note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Labor force
10.088 million (2024 est.)
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$44.403 billion (2024 est.)
$46.377 billion (2023 est.)
$39.102 billion (2022 est.)
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
$46.377 billion (2023 est.)
$39.102 billion (2022 est.)
note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Unemployment rate
9.1% (2024 est.)
9.1% (2023 est.)
8.3% (2022 est.)
note: % of labor force seeking employment
9.1% (2023 est.)
8.3% (2022 est.)
note: % of labor force seeking employment
Taxes and other revenues
17.7% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$596.556 billion (2024 est.)
$581.187 billion (2023 est.)
$578.173 billion (2022 est.)
note: data in 2021 dollars
$581.187 billion (2023 est.)
$578.173 billion (2022 est.)
note: data in 2021 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
4.3% (2024 est.)
7.6% (2023 est.)
11.6% (2022 est.)
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
7.6% (2023 est.)
11.6% (2022 est.)
note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Current account balance
-$4.853 billion (2024 est.)
-$10.497 billion (2023 est.)
-$26.656 billion (2022 est.)
note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
-$10.497 billion (2023 est.)
-$26.656 billion (2022 est.)
note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Real GDP per capita
$30,200 (2024 est.)
$29,600 (2023 est.)
$29,600 (2022 est.)
note: data in 2021 dollars
$29,600 (2023 est.)
$29,600 (2022 est.)
note: data in 2021 dollars
Imports
$99.239 billion (2024 est.)
$100.082 billion (2023 est.)
$118.928 billion (2022 est.)
note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
$100.082 billion (2023 est.)
$118.928 billion (2022 est.)
note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports
$111.123 billion (2024 est.)
$103.256 billion (2023 est.)
$107.039 billion (2022 est.)
note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
$103.256 billion (2023 est.)
$107.039 billion (2022 est.)
note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Real GDP growth rate
2.6% (2024 est.)
0.5% (2023 est.)
2.2% (2022 est.)
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
0.5% (2023 est.)
2.2% (2022 est.)
note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Industrial production growth rate
3.5% (2024 est.)
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
Agriculture: 3.9% (2024 est.)
Industry: 30.1% (2024 est.)
Services: 56.1% (2024 est.)
note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Industry: 30.1% (2024 est.)
Services: 56.1% (2024 est.)
note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Electricity access
Electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
Coal
Production: 474,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Consumption: 8.087 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Exports: 63,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Imports: 7.589 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Proven reserves: 1.181 billion metric tons (2023 est.)
Consumption: 8.087 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Exports: 63,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Imports: 7.589 million metric tons (2023 est.)
Proven reserves: 1.181 billion metric tons (2023 est.)
Electricity generation sources
Fossil fuels: 35.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Solar: 20.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Wind: 10.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Hydroelectricity: 26.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Geothermal: 0.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Biomass and waste: 5.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Solar: 20.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Wind: 10.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Hydroelectricity: 26.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Geothermal: 0.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Biomass and waste: 5.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Natural gas
Production: 1.362 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Consumption: 6.5 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Exports: 39.009 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
Imports: 5.196 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Proven reserves: 97.976 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Consumption: 6.5 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Exports: 39.009 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
Imports: 5.196 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
Proven reserves: 97.976 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Petroleum
Total petroleum production: 11,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Refined petroleum consumption: 404,000 bbl/day (2024 est.)
Crude oil estimated reserves: 150 million barrels (2021 est.)
Refined petroleum consumption: 404,000 bbl/day (2024 est.)
Crude oil estimated reserves: 150 million barrels (2021 est.)
Electricity
Installed generating capacity: 39.238 million kW (2023 est.)
Consumption: 83.295 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Transmission/distribution losses: 4.384 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Consumption: 83.295 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Transmission/distribution losses: 4.384 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Internet users
Percent of population: 95% (2023 est.)
Internet country code
.cl
Broadcast media
national and local terrestrial TV channels, coupled with extensive cable TV networks; the state-owned Television Nacional de Chile (TVN) network is self-financed through commercial advertising and is not under direct government control; large number of privately owned TV stations; about 250 radio stations
Telephones - mobile cellular
Total subscriptions: 26.7 million (2023 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 135 (2022 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 135 (2022 est.)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
Total: 4.52 million (2023 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 23 (2023 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 23 (2023 est.)
Telephones - fixed lines
Total subscriptions: 1.978 million (2023 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10 (2023 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10 (2023 est.)
Railways
Total: 7,281.5 km (2014)
Narrow gauge: 3,853.5 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge
Broad gauge: 3,428 km (2014) 1.676-m gauge (1,691 km electrified)
Narrow gauge: 3,853.5 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge
Broad gauge: 3,428 km (2014) 1.676-m gauge (1,691 km electrified)
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
CC
Airports
379 (2025)
Merchant marine
Total: 249 (2023)
By type: Bulk carrier 3, container ship 5, general cargo 66, oil tanker 14, other 161
By type: Bulk carrier 3, container ship 5, general cargo 66, oil tanker 14, other 161
Heliports
115 (2025)
Military service age and obligation
17 or 18 for voluntary military service for men and women; selective compulsory service (there are usually enough volunteers to make compulsory service unnecessary); service obligation is a minimum of 12 months for Army and 22 months for Navy and Air Force (2024)
Note: As of 2024, women comprised approximately 20% of the armed forces
Note: As of 2024, women comprised approximately 20% of the armed forces
Military expenditures
1.5% of GDP (2024 est.)
1.5% of GDP (2023 est.)
1.6% of GDP (2022 est.)
2% of GDP (2021 est.)
2% of GDP (2020 est.)
1.5% of GDP (2023 est.)
1.6% of GDP (2022 est.)
2% of GDP (2021 est.)
2% of GDP (2020 est.)
Military and security forces
Armed Forces of Chile (Fuerzas Armadas de Chile): Chilean Army (Ejército de Chile), Chilean Navy (Armada de Chile, includes Marine Corps and Maritime Territory and Merchant Marine Directorate or Directemar), Chilean Air Force (Fuerza Aerea de Chile, FACh) (2025)
Note 1: The Directemar is the country's coast guard
Note 2: The National Police Force (Carabineros de Chile) is responsible to both the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of the Interior and Public Security
Note 1: The Directemar is the country's coast guard
Note 2: The National Police Force (Carabineros de Chile) is responsible to both the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of the Interior and Public Security
Military - note
the Chilean military's responsibilities are territorial defense, ensuring the country’s sovereignty, assisting with disaster and humanitarian relief, and providing some internal security duties such as border security or maintaining public order if required; a key focus in recent years has been assisting with securing the border area with Bolivia and Peru; it trains regularly and participates in bilateral and multinational training exercises, as well as international peacekeeping operations
Chile and Argentina have a joint peacekeeping force known as the Combined Southern Cross Peacekeeping Force (FPC), designed to be made available to the UN; the FPC is made up of air, ground, and naval components, as well as a combined logistics support unit
The Chilean Army was founded in 1810, but traces its origins back to the Army of the Kingdom of Chile, which was established by the Spanish Crown in the early 1600s; Chile's military aviation was inaugurated in 1913 with the creation of a military aviation school; the Navy traces its origins to 1817; it was first led by a British officer and the first ships were largely crewed by American, British, and Irish sailors; by the 1880s, the Chilean Navy was one of the most powerful in the Americas, and included the world’s first protected cruiser (a ship with an armored deck to protect vital machine spaces) (2025)
Chile and Argentina have a joint peacekeeping force known as the Combined Southern Cross Peacekeeping Force (FPC), designed to be made available to the UN; the FPC is made up of air, ground, and naval components, as well as a combined logistics support unit
The Chilean Army was founded in 1810, but traces its origins back to the Army of the Kingdom of Chile, which was established by the Spanish Crown in the early 1600s; Chile's military aviation was inaugurated in 1913 with the creation of a military aviation school; the Navy traces its origins to 1817; it was first led by a British officer and the first ships were largely crewed by American, British, and Irish sailors; by the 1880s, the Chilean Navy was one of the most powerful in the Americas, and included the world’s first protected cruiser (a ship with an armored deck to protect vital machine spaces) (2025)
Military and security service personnel strengths
approximately 70,000 active Armed Forces (40,000 Army; 20,000 Navy; 10,000 Air Force); approximately 50,000 Carabineros (2025)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the Chilean military's inventory is comprised of a mix of mostly older foreign supplied armaments and some domestically produced weapons systems; significant foreign suppliers have included Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, Spain, the UK, and the US; Chile's defense industry is active in the production of military aircraft, ships, and vehicles (2025)
Refugees and internally displaced persons
Refugees: 15,788 (2024 est.)
IDPs: 8,323 (2024 est.)
Stateless persons: 1,688 (2024 est.)
IDPs: 8,323 (2024 est.)
Stateless persons: 1,688 (2024 est.)
Geoparks
Total global geoparks and regional networks: 1
Global geoparks and regional networks: Kutralkura (2023)
Global geoparks and regional networks: Kutralkura (2023)
Ports
Total ports: 39 (2024)
Large: 0
Medium: 2
Small: 10
Very small: 27
Ports with oil terminals: 25
Key ports: Antofagasta, Bahia de Valdivia, Bahia de Valparaiso, Coronel, Iquique, Mejillones, Puerto Montt, Puerto San Antonio, Rada de Arica, Rada Punta Arenas, Talcahuano, Tocopilla
Large: 0
Medium: 2
Small: 10
Very small: 27
Ports with oil terminals: 25
Key ports: Antofagasta, Bahia de Valdivia, Bahia de Valparaiso, Coronel, Iquique, Mejillones, Puerto Montt, Puerto San Antonio, Rada de Arica, Rada Punta Arenas, Talcahuano, Tocopilla
Terrorist group(s)
Terrorist group(s): Tren de Aragua (TdA)
Note: Details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide
Note: Details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide
Legislative branch - lower chamber
Chamber name: Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados)
Number of seats: 155 (all directly elected)
Electoral system: Proportional representation
Scope of elections: Full renewal
Term in office: 4 years
Most recent election date: 11/21/2021
Parties elected and seats per party: Chile Podemos (Empowering Chile", CP +) (53); New Social Pact (NPS) (37); Approving Dignity (AD) (37); Christian Social Front (FSC) (15); Other (13)
Percentage of women in chamber: 33.5%
Expected date of next election: November 2025
Number of seats: 155 (all directly elected)
Electoral system: Proportional representation
Scope of elections: Full renewal
Term in office: 4 years
Most recent election date: 11/21/2021
Parties elected and seats per party: Chile Podemos (Empowering Chile", CP +) (53); New Social Pact (NPS) (37); Approving Dignity (AD) (37); Christian Social Front (FSC) (15); Other (13)
Percentage of women in chamber: 33.5%
Expected date of next election: November 2025
Legislative branch - upper chamber
Chamber name: Senate (Senado)
Number of seats: 50 (all directly elected)
Electoral system: Proportional representation
Scope of elections: Partial renewal
Term in office: 8 years
Most recent election date: 11/21/2021
Parties elected and seats per party: Chile Podemos (Empowering Chile", CP +) (12); New Social Pact (NPS) (8); Approving Dignity (AD) (4); Independents (2); Other (1)
Percentage of women in chamber: 32%
Expected date of next election: November 2025
Number of seats: 50 (all directly elected)
Electoral system: Proportional representation
Scope of elections: Partial renewal
Term in office: 8 years
Most recent election date: 11/21/2021
Parties elected and seats per party: Chile Podemos (Empowering Chile", CP +) (12); New Social Pact (NPS) (8); Approving Dignity (AD) (4); Independents (2); Other (1)
Percentage of women in chamber: 32%
Expected date of next election: November 2025
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
43 (2022 est.)
note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality